“AI has enabled me to make progress in answering biological questions where progress was previously infeasible,” said Irene Kaplow, a computational biologist at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. From a list of possible advantages, two-thirds noted that AI provides faster ways to process data, 58% said that it speeds up computations that were not previously feasible, and 55% mentioned that it saves scientists time and money. With so much excitement about the expanding abilities of AI systems, Nature polled researchers about their views on the rise of AI in science, including both machine-learning and generative AI tools.įocusing first on machine-learning, researchers picked out many ways that AI tools help them in their work. See Supplementary information for full methodology. Scientists have been using these models to help summarize and write research papers, brainstorm ideas and write code, and some have been testing out generative AI to help produce new protein structures, improve weather forecasts and suggest medical diagnoses, among many other ideas. Machine-learning statistical techniques are now well established, and the past few years have seen rapid advances in generative AI, including large language models (LLMs), that can produce fluent outputs such as text, images and code on the basis of the patterns in their training data. The share of research papers that mention AI terms has risen in every field over the past decade, according to an analysis for this article by Nature. But scientists also expressed strong concerns about how AI is transforming the way that research is done. When respondents were asked how useful they thought AI tools would become for their fields in the next decade, more than half expected the tools to be ‘very important’ or ‘essential’. Science and the new age of AI: a Nature special Artificial-intelligence (AI) tools are becoming increasingly common in science, and many scientists anticipate that they will soon be central to the practice of research, suggests a Nature survey of more than 1,600 researchers around the world.
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